Designing software is half science and half art. At GHGA, this is not different, since we have to find a creative balance between many aspects and requirements:
On one hand, we would like to have a first version of our genome archive operational very soon. On the other hand, GHGA is a project that shall run for 10 years and beyond, so long-term maintainability and extensibility is a key consideration. Our software solutions should be straight forward to deploy to simplify the onboarding of new data centers to our network. At the same time, we have to provide the needed flexibility to adapt to the resources and infrastructures that are locally available. Moreover, the tools that we are developing should not only be used by us, but we would also like to serve the broader national and international research and health care community.
Everything starts with the right development culture. Continuously optimizing our agile development processes goes thereby hand in hand with DevOps practices which make us think of software development and operation as one unit. This is why we closely coordinate with the Data Hub Operations Workstream. Moreover, choosing progressive yet robust architecture patterns is another key aspect of tackling the above challenges. This is why, from day one, we are implementing a domain-driven microservice architecture. This is not only easy to maintain, but it also facilitates major refactorings that will be necessary when the scope of our projects changes over time. Furthermore, to be independent of a specific cloud provider and to enable frictionless continuous deployment, we rely on the container orchestration-solution Kubernetes and its associated ecosystem. Finally, we put a lot of effort into aligning with national and international software standards and we aim to actively push their development forward by participating in community efforts of the NFDI, ELIXIR Europe and the GA4GH.
Achievements & Products
The federated nature of GHGA requires a localized expertise when it comes to the production level operations. There are two main themes of these operations, (1) Data Stewardship and (2) DevOps operations. GHGA production work will require close collaboration of these two groups for running day to day GHGA activities.
Data Stewardship. One topic the Operations Workstream focuses on is the details of the helpdesk structure and mode of operation. Data stewards at each hub will form the GHGA helpdesk and support users with data submission and data access requests. Close collaboration with the sequencing centers ensures tight connections to GHGA’s major data submitters.
DevOps. In the first phase of GHGA, DevOps operations are carried out together with the Software & Infrastructure Workstream (see below). This way, the deployment and operations strategy will be closely aligned with software development.
All processes within the Data Hub Operations Team are organized using standard operating procedures (SOPs), which are a vital tool for making sure that data hubs work in a reproducible and safe manner individually and jointly.
The ELSI (Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications) team consists of legal scholars and ethics researchers who are working in close collaboration to develop the foundations for the ethical and legal context of GHGA. Together we provide the necessary ethical and legal documents for GHGA (e.g., consent forms, governance papers, and policy documents), aim to ensure GHGA’s legal implementation and interoperability and explore strategies to involve patients and data subjects in the conception and governance of GHGA in order to establish broad and lasting societal support for the project.
The ethics team has been working on a consent tool to allow data providers to share their data with GHGA in the future and on a guide on how consent modules should be used to extend already existing consent forms for GHGA’s purposes. Moreover, we are working with patient representatives to develop informational resources for patients and gather input on ethical and regulatory issues. The result will be a white paper describing how patients can be involved in GHGA governance and thus help to build and keep trust with stakeholders.
The legal team has been focusing on the legal basis for data processing and legacy consent (i.e., consent obtained in the past). We are also working on risk assessment, de-identification and anonymization methods and a potential Code of Conduct to implement the governance framework for GHGA and enhance its legal interoperability for data processing within the EU and international data spaces.
Achievements & Products
The Metadata Workstream provides the model for the data stored in GHGA. It is a joint effort of the conceptual and technical departments of GHGA. The team brings together experts with extensive knowledge from various areas that feed into the definition of the metadata schema, which serves as the framework for the GHGA Metadata Model.
The starting point of the workstream was the evaluation of already existing and well-established metadata models, with a focus on the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA) as well as the cancer and rare disease communities. With the prior knowledge from various portals, a prototype schema was set up and refined over several rounds of feedback and testing. The GHGA Metadata Schema is openly accessible on GitHub
We make GHGA’s metadata FAIR by utilizing established and widely used ontologies and vocabularies that help our communities to describe their submitted data as well as to retrieve data of interest. All ontologies and vocabularies are evaluated based on their maintenance and richness of content with the help of https://fairsharing.org. The identified metadata, ontologies and vocabularies were structured in our metadata schema, which is technically implemented using the Linked data Modelling Language. LinkML helps us to create and update the metadata schema in one place and provides GHGA’s technical stack with definitions of the schema in different modeling languages, such as JSON and RDF.
Achievements & Products
At GHGA, data scientists, biomedical researchers and clinicians from more than 20 institutions are working together to bring this ambitious project to life. This results in a very interdisciplinary workforce of over 80 members who are involved in the diverse working areas of GHGA.
To ensure that GHGA is running smoothly, the Project Management Team strives to universally support the overall team and the workstreams. This includes administrative tasks like finances and recruiting. Additionally, the Project Management Team is supporting the workstreams in their general organisation (including reporting), the development of the legal framework, and organisation of internal and external meetings. Furthermore, the Project Management Team is involved in the governance of the project, organising regular meetings with the Board of Directors and the Scientific Advisory Board.
Being at the interface between the GHGA consortium and the NFDI, the Project Management Team also participates at various levels in the different NFDI working groups.
Achievements & Products
GHGA’s communication channels are diverse. Reaching different audiences with the same message: Data sharing in omics research is safe, if all necessary safety precautions are taken (which we do!), and important to drive scientific discovery.
Building the infrastructure with research and clinical communities in mind, GHGA is in close contact with the omics data producers and users. Only when we know what the communities need can we deliver a platform that serves all of their requirements.
Presenting at conferences and holding workshops, we aim to not simply advertise GHGA but also to encourage the principles of FAIR data sharing. Data sharing is a collaborative effort. Between scientists and clinicians. But also between different initiatives, making sure national and international efforts are aligned and ideally follow similar standards. GHGA aims to connect genome research undertaken in German institutions.
GHGA is passionate about engaging with the public to increase understanding and awareness around omic research and ultimately enabling informed decisions on data sharing. Genome research can be life saving, is interesting and all around us. Making this visible for everyone, we are seeking a dialogue with the public by exploring different approaches, such as local events and our podcast ‘Der Code des Lebens’.
Achievements & Products
In the training team we are passionate about supporting our users and communities in all topics relevant to sharing data in the field of biomedical research and health care, as well as related bioinformatic methods. Therefore we made it our mission to provide training and learning opportunities in these areas.
Our material ranges from ELSI topics on consent and consent tools, to technical topics around metadata, bioinformatic analysis of DNA and RNA to Good Practice in study design and statistical analysis. Together with the GHGA outreach team, we also aim to inform our users - and an interested wider audience - on topics close to our hearts, e.g. FAIR data sharing and general research data management, by providing courses and additional material on these interesting topics.
An important part of GHGA’s mission is to facilitate sharing of genomic (and other omics) data from different data providers. To make this possible, data needs to be uploaded into the GHGA Data Portal. Once safely stored there, data can be browsed, downloaded (after successful application for permission) and, with increasing functionality of GHGA services, even analysed using dedicated workflows developed by GHGA and the community.
The process of uploading data into such a service can be daunting as it includes pre-submission data preparation, upload of accompanying metadata and knowledge of how to technically upload the data. Also, when browsing uploaded data, finding the right data sets for your analysis and subsequently applying for permission to download these can be aided by providing guidance by the creators of the platform.
Making these user experiences as smooth as possible is one of the major goals of the GHGA Training workstream. Therefore, we will provide training material on how to navigate all aspects of the data portal. At later stages of development - when workflows for data analysis and other resources have been added - training and support material for these will also be provided. Training will come in different flavours: you can choose from live webinars, on-demand video tutorials or text-based materials - whichever suits you best.
Achievements & Products
Course FAIR in (biological) practice: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLXMwmQxyLByV8wQ4i9NwG_cDaJGc5Nrhj
Webinare:
Within the GHGA consortium, the workflow workstream is working on standardising and harmonising Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis workflows for the German life science research community. The aim is to create workflows to facilitate uniform processing of raw NGS data to ready-to-use research data (e.g.: FASTQ to annotated VCF, figure 1) by not creating yet another workflow but by using and improving existing workflows and aligning with community standards such as GA4GH, nf-core, and BioWDL.
The resulting workflows for DNA- and RNA-sequencing data will be used to uniformly process all the data submitted to GHGA to make the processed data comparable. This enables cross-study comparisons and the joint analysis of multiple rare disease cohorts.
To ensure the highest quality of the developed workflows on the technical as well as on the biological side, GHGA uses the principles of continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) to test and benchmark the workflows using synthetic and experimental datasets like CHM cell lines and Genome in a Bottle (GiaB).
In line with GHGAs goal to promote FAIR data sharing, we ourselves adhere to the FAIR principles. We follow community standards like the ones set by GA4GH. All GHGA workflows will be open-source and registered with platforms like Dockstore or WorkflowHub to make them Findable and Accessible and, through Interoperability, easy to be Reused.
All workflows developed with contributions from GHGA can be found here.